{ "schema_version": "1.0.0", "api_version": "v1", "snapshot_id": "bctl-7eb7c1c7524bb525d233", "edition": { "name": "Civometra Index", "label": "2026 Q4", "status": "research", "methodology_version": "1.0.0", "official_city_results_released": false }, "as_of": "2026-10-27", "as_of_meaning": "Last complete source check recorded in the research snapshot; not a common observation period or a new editorial review. A separately validated source may have a later retrieved_at date; inspect each observation.", "dates": { "source_checked_at": "2026-10-27", "last_complete_source_check_at": "2026-10-27", "latest_observation_retrieved_at": "2026-10-27", "observations_changed_at": "2026-10-21", "editorial_review_earliest": "2026-10-11", "editorial_review_latest": "2026-10-27", "urban_context_retrieved_at": "2026-10-26", "index_evidence_evaluated_at": "2026-10-27", "air_quality_retrieved_at": "2026-10-26", "geography_candidates_evaluated_at": "2026-10-26", "protocols_prepared_at": "2026-10-26", "scoring_geographies_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "pm25_evidence_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "heat_evidence_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "rental_vacancy_evidence_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "housing_supply_evidence_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "life_expectancy_evidence_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "road_deaths_evidence_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27" }, "publisher": { "name": "BestCityToLive Intelligence", "initiative": "AINT.app", "url": "https://aint.app" }, "notice": "Civometra is a research edition, with no official quarterly city results. Current engine-accepted index inputs are explicitly separated from editorial guides, contextual observations and inherited legacy scores. An accepted indicator does not establish an eligible city score or ranking. National context never measures a city.", "rights": "No new licence is granted by this API. BestCityToLive editorial material retains its existing rights. Third-party observations and sources retain their own licences and attribution requirements; consult each primary publisher before reuse. Source catalog links do not imply permission to reproduce full source content.", "kind": "reviewed-rental-vacancy", "id": "rental-vacancy", "self": "https://bestcitytolive.com/api/v1/rental-vacancy.json", "canonical_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/index-evidence/rental-vacancy", "metadata": { "schema_version": "1.0.0", "status": "reviewed-research-inputs", "official_results_released": false, "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "metric": { "id": "rental-vacancy", "label": "Purpose-built rental vacancy", "unit": "%", "protocol_ref": "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0" }, "survey": { "period_label": "October 2025", "month": "2025-10", "reference_window": "First two weeks of October; results reflect market conditions at that time. 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This information is reproduced and distributed on an “as is” basis with the permission of CMHC.", "derived_notice": "Adapted from Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation of this product.", "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data" } }, "methodology": { "universe": "Completed, privately initiated purpose-built long-term rental apartment and row/townhouse units in structures/projects with at least three rental units, on the market for at least three months; all bedroom types combined. Social/affordable housing, owner-occupied units and condominium/secondary rental stock are excluded. 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An exact single reference day is not reported." }, "geography": { "kind": "official-census-metropolitan-area", "edition": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, second edition", "reference_date": "2021-01-01", "notice": "Four direct official CMA2021 source aggregates; original provincial-part DGUIDs retained and complete-layer one-part proof checked. Separate from PM2015; no OECD equivalence or municipal aggregation." }, "audit": { "url": "/data/source-frames/rental-vacancy-2025-independent-audit.json", "sha256": "8614f120e17f6bbb9601b8f8c380df549af8886e7f5d2aa77db58e9603ca7a2a" }, "destination_bindings": 4, "url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/rental-vacancy-evidence.json", "notice": "A scoped Canadian CMHC survey cohort, not a global vacancy ranking or a measure of all rental housing. Rates describe the combined private apartment and row structures covered by the survey. Preserve the seasonal month, original CMA2021 identifiers, source quality and one-decimal precision. No exact fieldwork day, vacant-unit numerator or numeric confidence interval is invented. Historical review and current engine admission are separate; CMHC conditional data reuse terms apply." }, "count": 4, "covered_city_count": 4, "platform_destination_count": 63, "evaluated_at": "2026-10-27", "official_results_released": false, "no_rankings": true, "source_refs": { "survey_source_ref": "source-997e9b2334882590", "licence_source_ref": "source-cdf1ed360db5ae6f", "downstream_conditions_source_ref": "source-cdf1ed360db5ae6f" }, "scope_notice": "A scoped Canadian CMHC survey cohort, not a global vacancy ranking or a measure of all rental housing. Rates describe the combined private apartment and row structures covered by the survey. Preserve the seasonal month, original CMA2021 identifiers, source quality and one-decimal precision. No exact fieldwork day, vacant-unit numerator or numeric confidence interval is invented. Historical review and current engine admission are separate; CMHC conditional data reuse terms apply.", "records": [ { "city_slug": "calgary", "city_name": "Calgary", "value": 4.9, "unit": "%", "period_start": "2025-10-01", "period_end": "2025-10-31", "temporal_basis": { "precision": "month", "source_period": "2025-10", "source_reference_window": "First two weeks of October; results reflect market conditions at that time. 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The average-rent CV thresholds do not apply to vacancy proportions.", "standard_error": null, "confidence_interval": null, "coefficient_of_variation": null }, "derivation": { "kind": "published-survey-rate", "published_rate": 4.9, "published_precision_percentage_points": 0.1, "reported_universe_units": 67980, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "numerator_status": "Exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published; null, not inferred from a rounded rate.", "calculation": "Use the official published weighted combined apartment-and-row vacancy ratio at its original 0.1 percentage-point precision, paired with the publisher-reported qualifying rental-universe unit count. This is the original published estimate, not a recalculation from microdata. 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This information is reproduced and distributed on an “as is” basis with the permission of CMHC.", "derived_notice": "Adapted from Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation of this product.", "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data" }, "source_attribution": [ { "publisher": "Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation", "title": "Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025; combined private apartment and row units", "url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-calgary-2025-en.xlsx?rev=195b9176-4327-4831-ae13-62fdc4f7bca7", "licence": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data" }, { "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "title": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files; original CMA2021 identities and polygons", "url": "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6", "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence" } ], "review_status": "accepted", "scope_notice": "Official October 2025 weighted vacancy estimate for private apartment and row rental units combined in the exact 2021 official census metropolitan area: Calgary (CMAUID 825). One-decimal published precision; not apartment-only, all-rental-stock, availability or a 2026 market reading. The exact survey day and vacant-unit numerator are unknown. 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A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000, based on data from the current Census of Population Program, of which 50,000 or more must live in the core based on adjusted data from the previous Census of Population Program. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000 also based on data from the previous Census of Population Program. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from data on place of work from the previous Census Program. If the population of the core of a CA falls below 10,000, the CA is retired from the next census. However, once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population declines below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. All areas inside the CMA or CA that are not population centres are rural areas. When a CA has a core of at least 50,000, based on data from the previous Census of Population, it is subdivided into census tracts. Census tracts are maintained for the CA even if the population of the core subsequently falls below 50,000. All CMAs are subdivided into census tracts.", "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:825", "boundary_label": "2021 official census metropolitan area: Calgary (CMAUID 825)", "shared_with": [], "approved_protocol_refs": [ "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0" ], "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "scoring_approved": true, "policy_decision_ref": "civometra-rental-vacancy-2025-initial-research-v1", "review_scope": "Direct publisher-reported CMA2021 rental aggregate, reviewed only for this rental protocol. Separate from PM2015; no OECD geometric equivalence, source-point proxy or CSD aggregation is claimed.", "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:calgary", "geography_type_required": "harmonized-urban-area", "notice": "Scoped protocol permissions can repeat one unchanged physical boundary. Counts distinguish reviewed entries from unique destinations and analytical areas. Frozen 2015 estimated areas are not current observed commuting zones or 2025 urban centres.", "registry_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/api/v1/scoring-geographies.json", "source_frames": [ { "id": "statcan-cma2021-825-native", "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-825-native-6d894f766159.json", "sha256": "6d894f766159518a8f57124ed958fdacd51575b1d84a14c5c4a5c4abe61a5965", "source_urls": [ "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6/query?where=CMAUID%3D%27825%27&outFields=%2A&returnGeometry=true&f=json", "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6" ], "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence", "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence", "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution", "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "attribution": "Statistics Canada, 2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, reference date 1 January 2021; original native EPSG:3347 polygon. No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:30:40.123088+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-825-native-6d894f766159.json", "source_ref": "source-3a46f73ef21aa31d" }, { "id": "statcan-cma2021-825-wgs84", "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-825-wgs84-8c140b61d3cd.json", "sha256": "8c140b61d3cd381b150011a013bf660cde9968be1455db16e718f80ba7daf051", "source_urls": [ "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6/query?where=CMAUID%3D%27825%27&outFields=%2A&returnGeometry=true&f=json&outSR=4326", "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6" ], "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence", "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence", "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution", "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "attribution": "Statistics Canada, 2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, original agency outSR=4326 polygon; no local simplification or repair. No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:51:00.291733+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-825-wgs84-8c140b61d3cd.json", "source_ref": "source-df8338ac5c5ea2fd" } ] }, "current_engine_state": "accepted", "current_engine_evaluated_at": "2026-10-27", "current": { "admitted": true, "status": "accepted", "as_of": "2026-10-27", "reason": "A reviewed observation passes the configured admission checks." }, "review_status_meaning": "Historical source review approval, not a guarantee of current admission.", "notice": "A scoped Canadian CMHC survey cohort, not a global vacancy ranking or a measure of all rental housing. Rates describe the combined private apartment and row structures covered by the survey. Preserve the seasonal month, original CMA2021 identifiers, source quality and one-decimal precision. No exact fieldwork day, vacant-unit numerator or numeric confidence interval is invented. Historical review and current engine admission are separate; CMHC conditional data reuse terms apply." }, { "city_slug": "montreal", "city_name": "Montreal", "value": 2.9, "unit": "%", "period_start": "2025-10-01", "period_end": "2025-10-31", "temporal_basis": { "precision": "month", "source_period": "2025-10", "source_reference_window": "First two weeks of October; results reflect market conditions at that time. An exact single reference day is not reported.", "exact_reference_date": null, "calendar_period_start": "2025-10-01", "calendar_period_end": "2025-10-31", "age_reference_date": "2025-10-01", "age_reference_meaning": "Conservative first possible day of the reported survey month for the unchanged 730-day index age limit; this is an age anchor, not an observed survey date." }, "protocol_ref": "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0", "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:montreal", "evidence_id": "rental-vacancy-2025-cma2021-montreal", "source_area_id": "462", "source_area_name": "Montréal", "source_cma_uid": "462", "source_cmap_uid": "24462", "source_dguid": "2021S050524462", "source_dguid_scope": "Provincial CMA part; complete official layer proves exactly one part for this CMAUID.", "boundary_reference_year": 2021, "survey_month": "2025-10", "reported_universe_units": 668834, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "original_published_value": "2.9", "quality_flags": [ { "code": "a", "label": "Excellent", "meaning": "Publisher reliability category for this vacancy proportion; based on CV, sampling fraction and universe size, not an exact standard error or confidence interval." } ], "uncertainty": { "status": "quality-category-reported-numeric-uncertainty-not-published", "note": "CMHC reports quality a (Excellent); exact standard error, CV, sample fraction and confidence interval are not published for this total. The average-rent CV thresholds do not apply to vacancy proportions.", "standard_error": null, "confidence_interval": null, "coefficient_of_variation": null }, "derivation": { "kind": "published-survey-rate", "published_rate": 2.9, "published_precision_percentage_points": 0.1, "reported_universe_units": 668834, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "numerator_status": "Exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published; null, not inferred from a rounded rate.", "calculation": "Use the official published weighted combined apartment-and-row vacancy ratio at its original 0.1 percentage-point precision, paired with the publisher-reported qualifying rental-universe unit count. This is the original published estimate, not a recalculation from microdata. The exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published and remains null; never infer an observed vacant count by multiplying the rounded rate by the universe." }, "frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/cmhc-rms-2025-montreal-ebd37ffbcea9.xlsx", "sha256": "ebd37ffbcea94c2432683224f3f1cab0a36456d3fe7fd8501c6f5882b2998d8d" }, "geography_frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-462-wgs84-82c0dffde26a.json", "sha256": "82c0dffde26a5d30cf96899b47f22d824cba943b2ccd36e2719f245cf1fcc1f2" }, "native_geography_frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-462-native-5a0393ee69c1.json", "sha256": "5a0393ee69c18ad2db94b833830ec1cdeb58fe45f9a499b8bd401b719dac1222" }, "source_url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-montreal-2025-en.xlsx?rev=1dcc0f0e-5c82-4c31-b8ea-51911650d27b", "source_record_ref": "Table 3.1.1 X55 (Oct-25, Total), Y55 (quality); Table 3.1.3 K55 (Oct-25, Total universe); Montréal CMA; 2021 census geographic definitions.", "licence": { "name": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data", "url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data", "acknowledgement": "Source: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This information is reproduced and distributed on an “as is” basis with the permission of CMHC.", "derived_notice": "Adapted from Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation of this product.", "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data" }, "source_attribution": [ { "publisher": "Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation", "title": "Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025; combined private apartment and row units", "url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-montreal-2025-en.xlsx?rev=1dcc0f0e-5c82-4c31-b8ea-51911650d27b", "licence": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data" }, { "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "title": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files; original CMA2021 identities and polygons", "url": "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6", "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence" } ], "review_status": "accepted", "scope_notice": "Official October 2025 weighted vacancy estimate for private apartment and row rental units combined in the exact 2021 official census metropolitan area: Montréal (CMAUID 462). One-decimal published precision; not apartment-only, all-rental-stock, availability or a 2026 market reading. The exact survey day and vacant-unit numerator are unknown. 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A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000, based on data from the current Census of Population Program, of which 50,000 or more must live in the core based on adjusted data from the previous Census of Population Program. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000 also based on data from the previous Census of Population Program. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from data on place of work from the previous Census Program. If the population of the core of a CA falls below 10,000, the CA is retired from the next census. However, once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population declines below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. All areas inside the CMA or CA that are not population centres are rural areas. When a CA has a core of at least 50,000, based on data from the previous Census of Population, it is subdivided into census tracts. Census tracts are maintained for the CA even if the population of the core subsequently falls below 50,000. All CMAs are subdivided into census tracts.", "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:462", "boundary_label": "2021 official census metropolitan area: Montréal (CMAUID 462)", "shared_with": [], "approved_protocol_refs": [ "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0" ], "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "scoring_approved": true, "policy_decision_ref": "civometra-rental-vacancy-2025-initial-research-v1", "review_scope": "Direct publisher-reported CMA2021 rental aggregate, reviewed only for this rental protocol. 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No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:52:10.932439+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-462-wgs84-82c0dffde26a.json", "source_ref": "source-a64767ed678eeff3" } ] }, "current_engine_state": "accepted", "current_engine_evaluated_at": "2026-10-27", "current": { "admitted": true, "status": "accepted", "as_of": "2026-10-27", "reason": "A reviewed observation passes the configured admission checks." }, "review_status_meaning": "Historical source review approval, not a guarantee of current admission.", "notice": "A scoped Canadian CMHC survey cohort, not a global vacancy ranking or a measure of all rental housing. Rates describe the combined private apartment and row structures covered by the survey. Preserve the seasonal month, original CMA2021 identifiers, source quality and one-decimal precision. No exact fieldwork day, vacant-unit numerator or numeric confidence interval is invented. Historical review and current engine admission are separate; CMHC conditional data reuse terms apply." }, { "city_slug": "toronto", "city_name": "Toronto", "value": 3, "unit": "%", "period_start": "2025-10-01", "period_end": "2025-10-31", "temporal_basis": { "precision": "month", "source_period": "2025-10", "source_reference_window": "First two weeks of October; results reflect market conditions at that time. An exact single reference day is not reported.", "exact_reference_date": null, "calendar_period_start": "2025-10-01", "calendar_period_end": "2025-10-31", "age_reference_date": "2025-10-01", "age_reference_meaning": "Conservative first possible day of the reported survey month for the unchanged 730-day index age limit; this is an age anchor, not an observed survey date." }, "protocol_ref": "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0", "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:toronto", "evidence_id": "rental-vacancy-2025-cma2021-toronto", "source_area_id": "535", "source_area_name": "Toronto", "source_cma_uid": "535", "source_cmap_uid": "35535", "source_dguid": "2021S050535535", "source_dguid_scope": "Provincial CMA part; complete official layer proves exactly one part for this CMAUID.", "boundary_reference_year": 2021, "survey_month": "2025-10", "reported_universe_units": 343539, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "original_published_value": "3.0", "quality_flags": [ { "code": "a", "label": "Excellent", "meaning": "Publisher reliability category for this vacancy proportion; based on CV, sampling fraction and universe size, not an exact standard error or confidence interval." } ], "uncertainty": { "status": "quality-category-reported-numeric-uncertainty-not-published", "note": "CMHC reports quality a (Excellent); exact standard error, CV, sample fraction and confidence interval are not published for this total. The average-rent CV thresholds do not apply to vacancy proportions.", "standard_error": null, "confidence_interval": null, "coefficient_of_variation": null }, "derivation": { "kind": "published-survey-rate", "published_rate": 3, "published_precision_percentage_points": 0.1, "reported_universe_units": 343539, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "numerator_status": "Exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published; null, not inferred from a rounded rate.", "calculation": "Use the official published weighted combined apartment-and-row vacancy ratio at its original 0.1 percentage-point precision, paired with the publisher-reported qualifying rental-universe unit count. This is the original published estimate, not a recalculation from microdata. The exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published and remains null; never infer an observed vacant count by multiplying the rounded rate by the universe." }, "frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/cmhc-rms-2025-toronto-99ad5966bead.xlsx", "sha256": "99ad5966bead408ce75761a8a9540d2748cd28deb764a42d16ffde32facf9f6d" }, "geography_frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-535-wgs84-0d916fc3c20c.json", "sha256": "0d916fc3c20c029028d20faf236ef2fbee3cdeff40e48a0afde8b8d691303d8a" }, "native_geography_frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-535-native-f5247aa133f6.json", "sha256": "f5247aa133f66d1ea3f6c4a3f146b04f55e324f10fcce365dc83b6090e764f25" }, "source_url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-toronto-2025-en.xlsx?rev=f107330e-4620-4462-9027-8c6ff1522f1a", "source_record_ref": "Table 3.1.1 X54 (Oct-25, Total), Y54 (quality); Table 3.1.3 K54 (Oct-25, Total universe); Toronto CMA; 2021 census geographic definitions.", "licence": { "name": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data", "url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data", "acknowledgement": "Source: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This information is reproduced and distributed on an “as is” basis with the permission of CMHC.", "derived_notice": "Adapted from Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation of this product.", "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data" }, "source_attribution": [ { "publisher": "Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation", "title": "Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025; combined private apartment and row units", "url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-toronto-2025-en.xlsx?rev=f107330e-4620-4462-9027-8c6ff1522f1a", "licence": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data" }, { "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "title": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files; original CMA2021 identities and polygons", "url": "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6", "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence" } ], "review_status": "accepted", "scope_notice": "Official October 2025 weighted vacancy estimate for private apartment and row rental units combined in the exact 2021 official census metropolitan area: Toronto (CMAUID 535). One-decimal published precision; not apartment-only, all-rental-stock, availability or a 2026 market reading. The exact survey day and vacant-unit numerator are unknown. This source-specific CMA2021 binding is separate from the PM2015 area; no CMHC/Statistics Canada endorsement.", "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "source_refs": { "survey_source_ref": "source-997e9b2334882590", "licence_source_ref": "source-cdf1ed360db5ae6f", "downstream_conditions_source_ref": "source-cdf1ed360db5ae6f" }, "source_ref": "source-98dd8b2c9fcc36a6", "attribution_source_refs": [ "source-98dd8b2c9fcc36a6", "source-e2f3edd0cd9c4fe3" ], "scoring_boundary": { "id": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:toronto", "city_slug": "toronto", "status": "reviewed", "scope": "functional-urban-area", "boundary_kind": "official-census-metropolitan-area", "authority": "Statistics Canada", "source_geography_id": "535", "source_name": "Toronto", "source_cmap_uid": "35535", "source_dguid": "2021S050535535", "source_dguid_as_published": "2021S050535535", "source_dguid_scope": "Provincial CMA part; complete official layer proves exactly one part for this CMAUID.", "boundary_vintage": "2021-01-01", "geography_edition": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, second edition", "version": "statcan-cma2021-v1.0.0", "source_frame_ref": "statcan-cma2021-535-native", "coordinate_source_frame_ref": "statcan-cma2021-535-wgs84", "crosswalk_method": "Exact source CMA name and 2021-definition note in the original CMHC tables, original CMAUID/CMAPUID/DGUID, complete 156-part layer and independent strict destination-point intersection with original agency WGS84 geometry.", "crosswalk": { "city_slug": "toronto", "source_cma_uid": "535", "source_cmap_uid": "35535", "source_dguid": "2021S050535535", "reference_point": { "latitude": 43.6532, "longitude": -79.3832, "role": "Inherited destination reference point used only for spatial matching; not a scored boundary." }, "complete_layer_proof": { "whole_layer_records": 156, "independent_objectid_records": 156, "attribute_objectids_equal_complete_id_set": true, "selected_cma_part_count": 1, "attribute_frame_ref": "rental-statcan-cma2021-all-identities", "attribute_archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-all-identities-0ee709dfc333.json", "attribute_archive_sha256": "0ee709dfc333a80ca2048a93ff6582730b7f262a8c4f68162ba7422eabb01bc3", "complete_objectid_frame_ref": "rental-statcan-cma2021-layer-objectids", "complete_objectid_archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-layer-objectids-ddc46b5729ff.json", "complete_objectid_archive_sha256": "ddc46b5729ff9dca9fbb29208db8c3e4a57b511f107a9fb7100cf6909327be8b" } }, "functional_definition": "Census Metropolitan Area 2021, Digital Boundary Files (DBF).\nA census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a population centre (known as the core). A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000, based on data from the current Census of Population Program, of which 50,000 or more must live in the core based on adjusted data from the previous Census of Population Program. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000 also based on data from the previous Census of Population Program. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from data on place of work from the previous Census Program. If the population of the core of a CA falls below 10,000, the CA is retired from the next census. However, once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population declines below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. All areas inside the CMA or CA that are not population centres are rural areas. When a CA has a core of at least 50,000, based on data from the previous Census of Population, it is subdivided into census tracts. Census tracts are maintained for the CA even if the population of the core subsequently falls below 50,000. All CMAs are subdivided into census tracts.", "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:535", "boundary_label": "2021 official census metropolitan area: Toronto (CMAUID 535)", "shared_with": [], "approved_protocol_refs": [ "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0" ], "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "scoring_approved": true, "policy_decision_ref": "civometra-rental-vacancy-2025-initial-research-v1", "review_scope": "Direct publisher-reported CMA2021 rental aggregate, reviewed only for this rental protocol. 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No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:33:10.179435+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-535-native-f5247aa133f6.json", "source_ref": "source-42f61a389a4d1bac" }, { "id": "statcan-cma2021-535-wgs84", "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-535-wgs84-0d916fc3c20c.json", "sha256": "0d916fc3c20c029028d20faf236ef2fbee3cdeff40e48a0afde8b8d691303d8a", "source_urls": [ "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6/query?where=CMAUID%3D%27535%27&outFields=%2A&returnGeometry=true&f=json&outSR=4326", "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6" ], "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence", "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence", "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution", "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "attribution": "Statistics Canada, 2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, original agency outSR=4326 polygon; no local simplification or repair. No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:51:01.033999+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-535-wgs84-0d916fc3c20c.json", "source_ref": "source-0ec7343ff696a7d8" } ] }, "current_engine_state": "accepted", "current_engine_evaluated_at": "2026-10-27", "current": { "admitted": true, "status": "accepted", "as_of": "2026-10-27", "reason": "A reviewed observation passes the configured admission checks." }, "review_status_meaning": "Historical source review approval, not a guarantee of current admission.", "notice": "A scoped Canadian CMHC survey cohort, not a global vacancy ranking or a measure of all rental housing. Rates describe the combined private apartment and row structures covered by the survey. Preserve the seasonal month, original CMA2021 identifiers, source quality and one-decimal precision. No exact fieldwork day, vacant-unit numerator or numeric confidence interval is invented. Historical review and current engine admission are separate; CMHC conditional data reuse terms apply." }, { "city_slug": "vancouver", "city_name": "Vancouver", "value": 3.7, "unit": "%", "period_start": "2025-10-01", "period_end": "2025-10-31", "temporal_basis": { "precision": "month", "source_period": "2025-10", "source_reference_window": "First two weeks of October; results reflect market conditions at that time. An exact single reference day is not reported.", "exact_reference_date": null, "calendar_period_start": "2025-10-01", "calendar_period_end": "2025-10-31", "age_reference_date": "2025-10-01", "age_reference_meaning": "Conservative first possible day of the reported survey month for the unchanged 730-day index age limit; this is an age anchor, not an observed survey date." }, "protocol_ref": "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0", "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:vancouver", "evidence_id": "rental-vacancy-2025-cma2021-vancouver", "source_area_id": "933", "source_area_name": "Vancouver", "source_cma_uid": "933", "source_cmap_uid": "59933", "source_dguid": "2021S050559933", "source_dguid_scope": "Provincial CMA part; complete official layer proves exactly one part for this CMAUID.", "boundary_reference_year": 2021, "survey_month": "2025-10", "reported_universe_units": 129351, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "original_published_value": "3.7", "quality_flags": [ { "code": "a", "label": "Excellent", "meaning": "Publisher reliability category for this vacancy proportion; based on CV, sampling fraction and universe size, not an exact standard error or confidence interval." } ], "uncertainty": { "status": "quality-category-reported-numeric-uncertainty-not-published", "note": "CMHC reports quality a (Excellent); exact standard error, CV, sample fraction and confidence interval are not published for this total. The average-rent CV thresholds do not apply to vacancy proportions.", "standard_error": null, "confidence_interval": null, "coefficient_of_variation": null }, "derivation": { "kind": "published-survey-rate", "published_rate": 3.7, "published_precision_percentage_points": 0.1, "reported_universe_units": 129351, "vacant_unit_estimate": null, "numerator_status": "Exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published; null, not inferred from a rounded rate.", "calculation": "Use the official published weighted combined apartment-and-row vacancy ratio at its original 0.1 percentage-point precision, paired with the publisher-reported qualifying rental-universe unit count. This is the original published estimate, not a recalculation from microdata. The exact weighted vacant-unit numerator is not published and remains null; never infer an observed vacant count by multiplying the rounded rate by the universe." }, "frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/cmhc-rms-2025-vancouver-2fda7bea9ad4.xlsx", "sha256": "2fda7bea9ad42787c1820dd4d60f11091ff2455c4eec1732b14acc97660c3258" }, "geography_frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-933-wgs84-f0d1bc3effd4.json", "sha256": "f0d1bc3effd454a5566b872e1b8fd1d5bab528a99141b0a8ce956ce41d5112de" }, "native_geography_frame": { "url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-933-native-065b84da8d99.json", "sha256": "065b84da8d997845a3d2b5fa4b75b3fbec5a15ac807b79cd9c2cab5f3554f4a1" }, "source_url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-vancouver-2025-en.xlsx?rev=9c12f2db-c0c8-4d06-83e1-cc3e06da8d36", "source_record_ref": "Table 3.1.1 X36 (Oct-25, Total), Y36 (quality); Table 3.1.3 K36 (Oct-25, Total universe); Vancouver CMA; 2021 census geographic definitions.", "licence": { "name": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data", "url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data", "acknowledgement": "Source: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This information is reproduced and distributed on an “as is” basis with the permission of CMHC.", "derived_notice": "Adapted from Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation of this product.", "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/professionals/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data/cmhc-licence-agreement-use-of-data" }, "source_attribution": [ { "publisher": "Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation", "title": "Rental Market Survey Data Tables, October 2025; combined private apartment and row units", "url": "https://assets.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/sites/cmhc/professional/housing-markets-data-and-research/housing-data-tables/rental-market/rental-market-report-data-tables/2025/rmr-vancouver-2025-en.xlsx?rev=9c12f2db-c0c8-4d06-83e1-cc3e06da8d36", "licence": "CMHC Licence Agreement for the Use of Data" }, { "publisher": "Statistics Canada", "title": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files; original CMA2021 identities and polygons", "url": "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6", "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence" } ], "review_status": "accepted", "scope_notice": "Official October 2025 weighted vacancy estimate for private apartment and row rental units combined in the exact 2021 official census metropolitan area: Vancouver (CMAUID 933). One-decimal published precision; not apartment-only, all-rental-stock, availability or a 2026 market reading. The exact survey day and vacant-unit numerator are unknown. This source-specific CMA2021 binding is separate from the PM2015 area; no CMHC/Statistics Canada endorsement.", "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "source_refs": { "survey_source_ref": "source-997e9b2334882590", "licence_source_ref": "source-cdf1ed360db5ae6f", "downstream_conditions_source_ref": "source-cdf1ed360db5ae6f" }, "source_ref": "source-85a93333571949d9", "attribution_source_refs": [ "source-85a93333571949d9", "source-e2f3edd0cd9c4fe3" ], "scoring_boundary": { "id": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:vancouver", "city_slug": "vancouver", "status": "reviewed", "scope": "functional-urban-area", "boundary_kind": "official-census-metropolitan-area", "authority": "Statistics Canada", "source_geography_id": "933", "source_name": "Vancouver", "source_cmap_uid": "59933", "source_dguid": "2021S050559933", "source_dguid_as_published": "2021S050559933", "source_dguid_scope": "Provincial CMA part; complete official layer proves exactly one part for this CMAUID.", "boundary_vintage": "2021-01-01", "geography_edition": "2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, second edition", "version": "statcan-cma2021-v1.0.0", "source_frame_ref": "statcan-cma2021-933-native", "coordinate_source_frame_ref": "statcan-cma2021-933-wgs84", "crosswalk_method": "Exact source CMA name and 2021-definition note in the original CMHC tables, original CMAUID/CMAPUID/DGUID, complete 156-part layer and independent strict destination-point intersection with original agency WGS84 geometry.", "crosswalk": { "city_slug": "vancouver", "source_cma_uid": "933", "source_cmap_uid": "59933", "source_dguid": "2021S050559933", "reference_point": { "latitude": 49.2827, "longitude": -123.1207, "role": "Inherited destination reference point used only for spatial matching; not a scored boundary." }, "complete_layer_proof": { "whole_layer_records": 156, "independent_objectid_records": 156, "attribute_objectids_equal_complete_id_set": true, "selected_cma_part_count": 1, "attribute_frame_ref": "rental-statcan-cma2021-all-identities", "attribute_archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-all-identities-0ee709dfc333.json", "attribute_archive_sha256": "0ee709dfc333a80ca2048a93ff6582730b7f262a8c4f68162ba7422eabb01bc3", "complete_objectid_frame_ref": "rental-statcan-cma2021-layer-objectids", "complete_objectid_archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-layer-objectids-ddc46b5729ff.json", "complete_objectid_archive_sha256": "ddc46b5729ff9dca9fbb29208db8c3e4a57b511f107a9fb7100cf6909327be8b" } }, "functional_definition": "Census Metropolitan Area 2021, Digital Boundary Files (DBF).\nA census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a population centre (known as the core). A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000, based on data from the current Census of Population Program, of which 50,000 or more must live in the core based on adjusted data from the previous Census of Population Program. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000 also based on data from the previous Census of Population Program. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from data on place of work from the previous Census Program. If the population of the core of a CA falls below 10,000, the CA is retired from the next census. However, once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population declines below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. All areas inside the CMA or CA that are not population centres are rural areas. When a CA has a core of at least 50,000, based on data from the previous Census of Population, it is subdivided into census tracts. Census tracts are maintained for the CA even if the population of the core subsequently falls below 50,000. All CMAs are subdivided into census tracts.", "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:933", "boundary_label": "2021 official census metropolitan area: Vancouver (CMAUID 933)", "shared_with": [], "approved_protocol_refs": [ "civometra.rental-vacancy.measurement@1.0.0" ], "reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "scoring_approved": true, "policy_decision_ref": "civometra-rental-vacancy-2025-initial-research-v1", "review_scope": "Direct publisher-reported CMA2021 rental aggregate, reviewed only for this rental protocol. Separate from PM2015; no OECD geometric equivalence, source-point proxy or CSD aggregation is claimed.", "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-v1-0:vancouver", "geography_type_required": "harmonized-urban-area", "notice": "Scoped protocol permissions can repeat one unchanged physical boundary. Counts distinguish reviewed entries from unique destinations and analytical areas. Frozen 2015 estimated areas are not current observed commuting zones or 2025 urban centres.", "registry_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/api/v1/scoring-geographies.json", "source_frames": [ { "id": "statcan-cma2021-933-native", "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-933-native-065b84da8d99.json", "sha256": "065b84da8d997845a3d2b5fa4b75b3fbec5a15ac807b79cd9c2cab5f3554f4a1", "source_urls": [ "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6/query?where=CMAUID%3D%27933%27&outFields=*&returnGeometry=true&f=json", "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6" ], "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence", "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence", "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution", "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "attribution": "Statistics Canada, 2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, reference date 1 January 2021; original native EPSG:3347 polygon. No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:33:10.605365+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-933-native-065b84da8d99.json", "source_ref": "source-b7ae4be9ade05d5e" }, { "id": "statcan-cma2021-933-wgs84", "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-933-wgs84-f0d1bc3effd4.json", "sha256": "f0d1bc3effd454a5566b872e1b8fd1d5bab528a99141b0a8ce956ce41d5112de", "source_urls": [ "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6/query?where=CMAUID%3D%27933%27&outFields=%2A&returnGeometry=true&f=json&outSR=4326", "https://geo.statcan.gc.ca/geo_wa/rest/services/2021/Digital_boundary_files/MapServer/6" ], "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence", "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/reference/licence", "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution", "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-26", "attribution": "Statistics Canada, 2021 Census Digital Boundary Files, original agency outSR=4326 polygon; no local simplification or repair. No endorsement.", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T21:51:01.496246+00:00", "archive_absolute_url": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/source-frames/statcan-cma2021-933-wgs84-f0d1bc3effd4.json", "source_ref": "source-3c433377bda4a46a" } ] }, "current_engine_state": "accepted", "current_engine_evaluated_at": "2026-10-27", "current": { "admitted": true, "status": "accepted", "as_of": "2026-10-27", "reason": "A reviewed observation passes the configured admission checks." }, "review_status_meaning": "Historical source review approval, not a guarantee of current admission.", "notice": "A scoped Canadian CMHC survey cohort, not a global vacancy ranking or a measure of all rental housing. Rates describe the combined private apartment and row structures covered by the survey. Preserve the seasonal month, original CMA2021 identifiers, source quality and one-decimal precision. No exact fieldwork day, vacant-unit numerator or numeric confidence interval is invented. Historical review and current engine admission are separate; CMHC conditional data reuse terms apply." } ], "links": { "raw_reviewed_evidence": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/rental-vacancy-evidence.json", "csv": "https://bestcitytolive.com/data/rental-vacancy-evidence.csv", "current_index_inputs": "https://bestcitytolive.com/api/v1/index-observations.json", "protocols": "https://bestcitytolive.com/api/v1/index-protocols.json", "geographies": "https://bestcitytolive.com/api/v1/scoring-geographies.json" } }