{
  "schema_version": "1.0.0",
  "status": "reviewed-research-inputs",
  "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
  "official_results_released": false,
  "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
  "metrics": [
    {
      "id": "employment",
      "label": "Employment rate, working age",
      "unit": "%",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.employment.measurement@1.0.0",
      "max_age_days": 365
    },
    {
      "id": "job-growth",
      "label": "Three-year annualized employment growth",
      "unit": "%",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.job-growth.measurement@1.0.0",
      "max_age_days": 730
    }
  ],
  "source_adapter": {
    "schema_version": "1.0.0",
    "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
    "table": "14-10-0461-01",
    "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
    "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30",
    "source_years": [
      2022,
      2023,
      2024,
      2025
    ],
    "source_hashes": {
      "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
      "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
      "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
      "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
    },
    "selected_source_rows_sha256": "5547ee90ea88031e6c622216b02a657bd774b5099e7b48da0f5768e8937d1dfb",
    "selected_source_rows": 160,
    "primary_operands": 96,
    "reference_basis": {
      "frequency": "Annual",
      "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
      "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
      "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
      "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
      "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
      "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
    },
    "source_precision": {
      "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
      "UOM_ID": "428",
      "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
      "SCALAR_ID": "0",
      "DECIMALS": "1",
      "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
      "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
      "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
      "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
    },
    "age": {
      "minimum": 15,
      "maximum": 64,
      "original_disjoint_groups": [
        "15 to 24 years",
        "25 to 54 years",
        "55 to 64 years"
      ],
      "alternative_check": "15years andover minus65years andover; retain actual rounding nonadditivity, never replace the chosen disjoint operands."
    },
    "gender": {
      "original_category": "Total - Gender",
      "sex_average_performed": false,
      "notice": "Original2022–2025 total category retained across the window; not a mean of male/female rates."
    },
    "geography": {
      "edition": "SGC2021",
      "native_source_geography_role": "National CMA DGUID S0503 in the labour CSV",
      "original_boundary_role": "Provincial CMA part S0505/CMAPUID; complete156part layer proves each selected CMA is one part.",
      "constant_window": [
        2022,
        2023,
        2024,
        2025
      ],
      "backcast_note": {
        "footnoteId": 16,
        "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
        "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
        "link": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "dimensionPositionId": 1,
          "memberId": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "licence": {
      "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
    },
    "source_attribution": [
      {
        "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
        "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
        "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
      }
    ],
    "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
    "status": "reviewed-source-qualified-published-lfs",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
    "method_qualification": {
      "source_standard": {
        "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
        "production_reference": "SNA",
        "standard_id": "84961",
        "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
      },
      "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
      "unpaid_family_work": {
        "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
        "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
        "numeric_effect": null
      },
      "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
        "status": "not-separately-established",
        "rule": null,
        "numeric_effect": null,
        "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
        "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
        "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
      },
      "partial_questionnaire": {
        "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
        "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
        "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
        "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
      },
      "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
        "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
        "numeric_effect": null,
        "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
      },
      "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
      "target_exclusions": [
        "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
        "Institutional residents",
        "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
      ],
      "armed_forces_wording": {
        "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
        "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
        "all_reservists_excluded": null,
        "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
      },
      "remote_sampling": {
        "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
        "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
        "local_sampling_coverage": null,
        "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
      },
      "local_excluded_population_share": null,
      "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
      "source_ci": null,
      "source_se": null,
      "sampling_covariance": null,
      "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
      "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
    },
    "original_source_provenance": [
      {
        "file": "statcan-14100461-annual-original.zip",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00",
        "bytes": 2156423,
        "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-annual-page.html",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:43.561808+00:00",
        "bytes": 104907,
        "sha256": "9413d400983fa793fd1aad06a64616c8537865af6b1477ccff0e07a173aa0205",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-annual-metadata.json",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00",
        "bytes": 35961,
        "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
        "request_method": "POST",
        "request_body": "[{\"productId\":14100461}]",
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-annual-reference-release.html",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/260109/dq260109a-eng.htm",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:08:01.585489+00:00",
        "bytes": 71807,
        "sha256": "e2826f7dfff83fde2f1edf6fce40e3e5b795f56f53e17a11257feebc69d46a07",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/260109/dq260109a-eng.htm"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-annual-averaging-definition.html",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/000107/dq000107a-eng.htm",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:09:10.517584+00:00",
        "bytes": 50981,
        "sha256": "1eef7a56d57fd306c320c742329af739177633846aa91b436d290ac3f884a3a3",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/000107/dq000107a-eng.htm"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-guide-2025.html",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71-543-g/71-543-g2025001-eng.htm",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:09:12.150308+00:00",
        "bytes": 333807,
        "sha256": "cef1a308b70a0e9daf37e6b8ba19927b6d0c77325396490cdfac479671c3183d",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71-543-g/71-543-g2025001-eng.htm"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-revisions-2025.html",
        "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71f0031x/71f0031x2025001-eng.htm",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:07:04.140625+00:00",
        "bytes": 1074132,
        "sha256": "43394aeb27c8675eb328ab9e0d5ee0ca30b7a61f3797a32b4669cdb61909b6a0",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71f0031x/71f0031x2025001-eng.htm"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-open-licence.html",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:07:00.051994+00:00",
        "bytes": 27005,
        "sha256": "8a6c080e6d9458945815d558c15a1a787e27d01a33d8dd07a99daeaa9b4bacc2",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-labour-force-status-standard-original.html",
        "url": "https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3Var.pl?Function=DEC&Id=84961",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:18:51.915207+00:00",
        "bytes": 20477,
        "sha256": "00f9ebe65789ae959bd9609fec46ed676cb0a14f98901c692f1867d950e2de9c",
        "request_method": "GET",
        "request_body": null,
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-http_and_final_url-status-line",
        "http_final_url": "https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3Var.pl?Function=DEC&Id=84961"
      },
      {
        "file": "statcan-lfs-questionnaire-2023.html",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/statistical-programs/instrument/3701_Q1_V9",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27T00:10:37.091912+00:00",
        "bytes": 55641,
        "sha256": "9d8ee1cac8573180935764988498b60cc40a413ec62f296c5c5c06690d760f33",
        "content_type": "text/html; charset=UTF-8",
        "http_status": 200,
        "http_status_basis": "original-status-field"
      }
    ],
    "source_document_notice": "Original statistical ZIP and cube metadata are public. Narrative guide/questionnaire/revision/licence documents are cited by original URL/hash; no publisher branding or private annotations are copied.",
    "quarterly_comparability_cleared": false,
    "official_results_released": false,
    "source_archives": {
      "original_table": {
        "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
        "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
        "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
        "source_urls": [
          "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
          "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
        ],
        "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
        "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
        "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
      },
      "original_metadata": {
        "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
        "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
        "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
        "source_urls": [
          "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
          "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
        ],
        "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
        "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
        "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
      },
      "initial_policy": {
        "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
        "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
        "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
        "source_urls": [
          "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
        ],
        "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
        "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
        "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
        "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
        "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
      },
      "rights": {
        "id": "lfs-source-rights",
        "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
        "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
        "source_urls": [
          "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
          "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
        ],
        "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
        "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
        "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
      }
    }
  },
  "source_archives": [
    {
      "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
      "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
      "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
      "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
      ],
      "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
      "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-source-rights",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
      "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
      "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary-4e9550679498.json",
      "sha256": "4e9550679498f5104c8d8659c3050a6232f5760fd5caae5236279376f2553451",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal-7580cda3244f.json",
      "sha256": "7580cda3244f28e95ad8d7d17a824f96336f70d932f4b01e1b1ef95d65d26d05",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto-e41cb3584528.json",
      "sha256": "e41cb358452806897b021cf58d65c5def963e0cf5130f8805fe2a5163ce6e527",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver-7dc9a8753d8f.json",
      "sha256": "7dc9a8753d8fd1f02a77017f06b125badc5072616cd19810080cb381e4072b45",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
    },
    {
      "id": "lfs-source-numeric-proof",
      "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-numeric-proof-6b95104ed8d0.json",
      "sha256": "6b95104ed8d0725cac3b3d639a394a6782d93ad7dd334e11b4661f79cbc75411",
      "source_urls": [
        "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
      ],
      "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
      "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
      "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
      "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
      "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
      "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
    }
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "city_slug": "calgary",
      "metric": "employment",
      "value": 75.40957531414028,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.employment.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:calgary",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:825",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Calgary, Alberta",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64 / annual_mean_matching_covered_resident_population_15_64",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503825; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary-employment",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary-4e9550679498.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "4e9550679498f5104c8d8659c3050a6232f5760fd5caae5236279376f2553451",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Calgary, Alberta · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-annual",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1097400,
            "employment_persons": 836900,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.26207399307454,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.262073993074539821396026972844906141789684709313",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              136623,
              136627,
              136629,
              136677,
              136681,
              136683
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1097400,
              "Employment": 836900
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.23798460206824,
              "upper": 76.2861699703805,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1144800,
            "employment_persons": 868700,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.882250174703,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.882250174703004891684136967155835080363382250175",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              148233,
              148237,
              148239,
              148287,
              148291,
              148293
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1144800,
              "Employment": 868700
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.85920782566924,
              "upper": 75.90529856287948,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1218600,
            "employment_persons": 909800,
            "employment_rate_percent": 74.65944526505827,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "74.659445265058263581158706712621040538322665353685",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              159843,
              159847,
              159849,
              159897,
              159901,
              159903
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1218600,
              "Employment": 909900
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 74.63794871794872,
              "upper": 74.68094710492839,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1257400,
            "employment_persons": 948200,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.40957531414028,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.409575314140289486241450612374741530141561953237",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              171453,
              171457,
              171459,
              171507,
              171511,
              171513
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1257500,
              "Employment": 948200
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.38865253866645,
              "upper": 75.43050308212368,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": null,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 948200,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 1257400,
        "base_employment_persons": null,
        "unrounded_decimal": "75.409575314140289486241450612374741530141561953237",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          136622,
          136623,
          136627,
          136629,
          136630,
          136676,
          136677,
          136681,
          136683,
          136684,
          148232,
          148233,
          148237,
          148239,
          148240,
          148286,
          148287,
          148291,
          148293,
          148294,
          159842,
          159843,
          159847,
          159849,
          159850,
          159896,
          159897,
          159901,
          159903,
          159904,
          171452,
          171453,
          171457,
          171459,
          171460,
          171506,
          171507,
          171511,
          171513,
          171514
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Calgary, Alberta",
          "cma_uid": "825",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503825",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050548825",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "48825",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:calgary"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 75.38865253866645,
          "upper": 75.43050308212368,
          "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 1257400
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "calgary",
      "metric": "job-growth",
      "value": 4.249855348246765,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.job-growth.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:calgary",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:825",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Calgary, Alberta",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * ((annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t / annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t_minus_3) ** (1 / 3) - 1)",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503825; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary-job-growth",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-calgary-4e9550679498.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "4e9550679498f5104c8d8659c3050a6232f5760fd5caae5236279376f2553451",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Calgary, Alberta · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-three-year-growth",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1097400,
            "employment_persons": 836900,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.26207399307454,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.262073993074539821396026972844906141789684709313",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              136623,
              136627,
              136629,
              136677,
              136681,
              136683
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1097400,
              "Employment": 836900
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.23798460206824,
              "upper": 76.2861699703805,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1144800,
            "employment_persons": 868700,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.882250174703,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.882250174703004891684136967155835080363382250175",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              148233,
              148237,
              148239,
              148287,
              148291,
              148293
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1144800,
              "Employment": 868700
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.85920782566924,
              "upper": 75.90529856287948,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1218600,
            "employment_persons": 909800,
            "employment_rate_percent": 74.65944526505827,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "74.659445265058263581158706712621040538322665353685",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              159843,
              159847,
              159849,
              159897,
              159901,
              159903
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1218600,
              "Employment": 909900
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 74.63794871794872,
              "upper": 74.68094710492839,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1257400,
            "employment_persons": 948200,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.40957531414028,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.409575314140289486241450612374741530141561953237",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              171453,
              171457,
              171459,
              171507,
              171511,
              171513
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1257500,
              "Employment": 948200
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.38865253866645,
              "upper": 75.43050308212368,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": 2022,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 948200,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 1257400,
        "base_employment_persons": 836900,
        "unrounded_decimal": "4.2498553482467649130002464453280240382697416710600",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          136622,
          136623,
          136627,
          136629,
          136630,
          136676,
          136677,
          136681,
          136683,
          136684,
          148232,
          148233,
          148237,
          148239,
          148240,
          148286,
          148287,
          148291,
          148293,
          148294,
          159842,
          159843,
          159847,
          159849,
          159850,
          159896,
          159897,
          159901,
          159903,
          159904,
          171452,
          171453,
          171457,
          171459,
          171460,
          171506,
          171507,
          171511,
          171513,
          171514
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Calgary, Alberta",
          "cma_uid": "825",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503825",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050548825",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "48825",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:calgary"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 4.238130546475708,
          "upper": 4.261581715549819,
          "notice": "Worst-case source-display rounding envelope only; not a confidence interval or sampling uncertainty. No across-year covariance is supplied."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 836900
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "montreal",
      "metric": "employment",
      "value": 75.95686261536935,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.employment.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:montreal",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:462",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Montréal, Quebec",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64 / annual_mean_matching_covered_resident_population_15_64",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503462; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal-employment",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal-7580cda3244f.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "7580cda3244f28e95ad8d7d17a824f96336f70d932f4b01e1b1ef95d65d26d05",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Montréal, Quebec · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-annual",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2870800,
            "employment_persons": 2208000,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.91235892434165,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.912358924341646927685662533091821095165110770517",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              130413,
              130417,
              130419,
              130467,
              130471,
              130473
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2870900,
              "Employment": 2207900
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": -100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.90311569341159,
              "upper": 76.92160312124432,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2913500,
            "employment_persons": 2281400,
            "employment_rate_percent": 78.30444482581088,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "78.304444825810880384417367427492706366912648017848",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              142023,
              142027,
              142029,
              142077,
              142081,
              142083
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2913600,
              "Employment": 2281400
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 78.29526538877353,
              "upper": 78.31362520809378,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2973900,
            "employment_persons": 2257900,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.92387101113016,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.923871011130165775580887050674198863445307508659",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              153633,
              153637,
              153639,
              153687,
              153691,
              153693
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2973900,
              "Employment": 2258000
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.9149980666095,
              "upper": 75.93274485077764,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 3022900,
            "employment_persons": 2296100,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.95686261536935,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.956862615369347315491746336299579873631281220021",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              165243,
              165247,
              165249,
              165297,
              165301,
              165303
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 3023000,
              "Employment": 2296100
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.94813185359158,
              "upper": 75.9655942436523,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": null,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 2296100,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 3022900,
        "base_employment_persons": null,
        "unrounded_decimal": "75.956862615369347315491746336299579873631281220021",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          130412,
          130413,
          130417,
          130419,
          130420,
          130466,
          130467,
          130471,
          130473,
          130474,
          142022,
          142023,
          142027,
          142029,
          142030,
          142076,
          142077,
          142081,
          142083,
          142084,
          153632,
          153633,
          153637,
          153639,
          153640,
          153686,
          153687,
          153691,
          153693,
          153694,
          165242,
          165243,
          165247,
          165249,
          165250,
          165296,
          165297,
          165301,
          165303,
          165304
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Montréal, Quebec",
          "cma_uid": "462",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503462",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050524462",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "24462",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:montreal"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 75.94813185359158,
          "upper": 75.9655942436523,
          "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 3022900
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "montreal",
      "metric": "job-growth",
      "value": 1.3127047385039334,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.job-growth.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:montreal",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:462",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Montréal, Quebec",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * ((annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t / annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t_minus_3) ** (1 / 3) - 1)",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503462; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal-job-growth",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-montreal-7580cda3244f.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "7580cda3244f28e95ad8d7d17a824f96336f70d932f4b01e1b1ef95d65d26d05",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Montréal, Quebec · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-three-year-growth",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2870800,
            "employment_persons": 2208000,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.91235892434165,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.912358924341646927685662533091821095165110770517",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              130413,
              130417,
              130419,
              130467,
              130471,
              130473
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2870900,
              "Employment": 2207900
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": -100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.90311569341159,
              "upper": 76.92160312124432,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2913500,
            "employment_persons": 2281400,
            "employment_rate_percent": 78.30444482581088,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "78.304444825810880384417367427492706366912648017848",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              142023,
              142027,
              142029,
              142077,
              142081,
              142083
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2913600,
              "Employment": 2281400
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 78.29526538877353,
              "upper": 78.31362520809378,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2973900,
            "employment_persons": 2257900,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.92387101113016,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.923871011130165775580887050674198863445307508659",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              153633,
              153637,
              153639,
              153687,
              153691,
              153693
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2973900,
              "Employment": 2258000
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.9149980666095,
              "upper": 75.93274485077764,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 3022900,
            "employment_persons": 2296100,
            "employment_rate_percent": 75.95686261536935,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "75.956862615369347315491746336299579873631281220021",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              165243,
              165247,
              165249,
              165297,
              165301,
              165303
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 3023000,
              "Employment": 2296100
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 75.94813185359158,
              "upper": 75.9655942436523,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": 2022,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 2296100,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 3022900,
        "base_employment_persons": 2208000,
        "unrounded_decimal": "1.3127047385039333439473434102874141351747017112200",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          130412,
          130413,
          130417,
          130419,
          130420,
          130466,
          130467,
          130471,
          130473,
          130474,
          142022,
          142023,
          142027,
          142029,
          142030,
          142076,
          142077,
          142081,
          142083,
          142084,
          153632,
          153633,
          153637,
          153639,
          153640,
          153686,
          153687,
          153691,
          153693,
          153694,
          165242,
          165243,
          165247,
          165249,
          165250,
          165296,
          165297,
          165301,
          165303,
          165304
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Montréal, Quebec",
          "cma_uid": "462",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503462",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050524462",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "24462",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:montreal"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 1.3082044344243238,
          "upper": 1.31720525422702,
          "notice": "Worst-case source-display rounding envelope only; not a confidence interval or sampling uncertainty. No across-year covariance is supplied."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 2208000
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "toronto",
      "metric": "employment",
      "value": 71.4213495642327,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.employment.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:toronto",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:535",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Toronto, Ontario",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64 / annual_mean_matching_covered_resident_population_15_64",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503535; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto-employment",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto-e41cb3584528.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "e41cb358452806897b021cf58d65c5def963e0cf5130f8805fe2a5163ce6e527",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Toronto, Ontario · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-annual",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4526700,
            "employment_persons": 3330300,
            "employment_rate_percent": 73.57015044071841,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "73.570150440718404135462920007952813307707601564053",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              132573,
              132577,
              132579,
              132627,
              132631,
              132633
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4526800,
              "Employment": 3330200
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": -100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 73.56439908545677,
              "upper": 73.57590217715479,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4646100,
            "employment_persons": 3427400,
            "employment_rate_percent": 73.7693979897118,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "73.769397989711801295710380749445771722519962979703",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              144183,
              144187,
              144189,
              144237,
              144241,
              144243
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4646000,
              "Employment": 3427500
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": -100,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 73.76378800107614,
              "upper": 73.77500834059772,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4866200,
            "employment_persons": 3487100,
            "employment_rate_percent": 71.6596111955941,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "71.659611195594098064197936788459167317413998602606",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              155793,
              155797,
              155799,
              155847,
              155851,
              155853
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4866200,
              "Employment": 3487200
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 71.65431997287494,
              "upper": 71.66490274452585,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4945300,
            "employment_persons": 3532000,
            "employment_rate_percent": 71.4213495642327,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "71.421349564232705801468060582775564677572644733383",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              167403,
              167407,
              167409,
              167457,
              167461,
              167463
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4945400,
              "Employment": 3532000
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 71.41615019866747,
              "upper": 71.42654924522006,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": null,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 3532000,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 4945300,
        "base_employment_persons": null,
        "unrounded_decimal": "71.421349564232705801468060582775564677572644733383",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          132572,
          132573,
          132577,
          132579,
          132580,
          132626,
          132627,
          132631,
          132633,
          132634,
          144182,
          144183,
          144187,
          144189,
          144190,
          144236,
          144237,
          144241,
          144243,
          144244,
          155792,
          155793,
          155797,
          155799,
          155800,
          155846,
          155847,
          155851,
          155853,
          155854,
          167402,
          167403,
          167407,
          167409,
          167410,
          167456,
          167457,
          167461,
          167463,
          167464
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Toronto, Ontario",
          "cma_uid": "535",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503535",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050535535",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "35535",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:toronto"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 71.41615019866747,
          "upper": 71.42654924522006,
          "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 4945300
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "toronto",
      "metric": "job-growth",
      "value": 1.9793984489619352,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.job-growth.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:toronto",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:535",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Toronto, Ontario",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * ((annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t / annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t_minus_3) ** (1 / 3) - 1)",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503535; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto-job-growth",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-toronto-e41cb3584528.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "e41cb358452806897b021cf58d65c5def963e0cf5130f8805fe2a5163ce6e527",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Toronto, Ontario · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-three-year-growth",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4526700,
            "employment_persons": 3330300,
            "employment_rate_percent": 73.57015044071841,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "73.570150440718404135462920007952813307707601564053",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              132573,
              132577,
              132579,
              132627,
              132631,
              132633
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4526800,
              "Employment": 3330200
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": -100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 73.56439908545677,
              "upper": 73.57590217715479,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4646100,
            "employment_persons": 3427400,
            "employment_rate_percent": 73.7693979897118,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "73.769397989711801295710380749445771722519962979703",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              144183,
              144187,
              144189,
              144237,
              144241,
              144243
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4646000,
              "Employment": 3427500
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": -100,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 73.76378800107614,
              "upper": 73.77500834059772,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4866200,
            "employment_persons": 3487100,
            "employment_rate_percent": 71.6596111955941,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "71.659611195594098064197936788459167317413998602606",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              155793,
              155797,
              155799,
              155847,
              155851,
              155853
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4866200,
              "Employment": 3487200
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 100
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 71.65431997287494,
              "upper": 71.66490274452585,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 4945300,
            "employment_persons": 3532000,
            "employment_rate_percent": 71.4213495642327,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "71.421349564232705801468060582775564677572644733383",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              167403,
              167407,
              167409,
              167457,
              167461,
              167463
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 4945400,
              "Employment": 3532000
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 71.41615019866747,
              "upper": 71.42654924522006,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": 2022,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 3532000,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 4945300,
        "base_employment_persons": 3330300,
        "unrounded_decimal": "1.9793984489619351921380330954540622834698940171900",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          132572,
          132573,
          132577,
          132579,
          132580,
          132626,
          132627,
          132631,
          132633,
          132634,
          144182,
          144183,
          144187,
          144189,
          144190,
          144236,
          144237,
          144241,
          144243,
          144244,
          155792,
          155793,
          155797,
          155799,
          155800,
          155846,
          155847,
          155851,
          155853,
          155854,
          167402,
          167403,
          167407,
          167409,
          167410,
          167456,
          167457,
          167461,
          167463,
          167464
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Toronto, Ontario",
          "cma_uid": "535",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503535",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050535535",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "35535",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:toronto"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 1.976423762439784,
          "upper": 1.9823732299083194,
          "notice": "Worst-case source-display rounding envelope only; not a confidence interval or sampling uncertainty. No across-year covariance is supplied."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 3330300
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "vancouver",
      "metric": "employment",
      "value": 74.54115684093438,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.employment.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:vancouver",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:933",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Vancouver, British Columbia",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64 / annual_mean_matching_covered_resident_population_15_64",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503933; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver-employment",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver-7dc9a8753d8f.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "7dc9a8753d8fd1f02a77017f06b125badc5072616cd19810080cb381e4072b45",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Vancouver, British Columbia · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-annual",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1957800,
            "employment_persons": 1495800,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.40208397180508,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.402083971805087342935948513637756665645111860251",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              138513,
              138517,
              138519,
              138567,
              138571,
              138573
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1957800,
              "Employment": 1495800
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.38856967746878,
              "upper": 76.41560033713891,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2027600,
            "employment_persons": 1549600,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.42533043992898,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.425330439928980074965476425330439928980074965476",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              150123,
              150127,
              150129,
              150177,
              150181,
              150183
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2027600,
              "Employment": 1549600
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.41227962026878,
              "upper": 76.43838319070754,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2114800,
            "employment_persons": 1582600,
            "employment_rate_percent": 74.83449971628522,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "74.834499716285227917533572914696425193871760923019",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              161733,
              161737,
              161739,
              161787,
              161791,
              161793
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2114700,
              "Employment": 1582600
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": -100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 74.82209981323436,
              "upper": 74.8469013784787,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2157600,
            "employment_persons": 1608300,
            "employment_rate_percent": 74.54115684093438,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "74.541156840934371523915461624026696329254727474972",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              173343,
              173347,
              173349,
              173397,
              173401,
              173403
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2157600,
              "Employment": 1608300
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 74.52902328814737,
              "upper": 74.55329208092887,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": null,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 1608300,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 2157600,
        "base_employment_persons": null,
        "unrounded_decimal": "74.541156840934371523915461624026696329254727474972",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          138512,
          138513,
          138517,
          138519,
          138520,
          138566,
          138567,
          138571,
          138573,
          138574,
          150122,
          150123,
          150127,
          150129,
          150130,
          150176,
          150177,
          150181,
          150183,
          150184,
          161732,
          161733,
          161737,
          161739,
          161740,
          161786,
          161787,
          161791,
          161793,
          161794,
          173342,
          173343,
          173347,
          173349,
          173350,
          173396,
          173397,
          173401,
          173403,
          173404
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Vancouver, British Columbia",
          "cma_uid": "933",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503933",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050559933",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "59933",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:vancouver"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 74.52902328814737,
          "upper": 74.55329208092887,
          "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 2157600
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "vancouver",
      "metric": "job-growth",
      "value": 2.4466695294049026,
      "unit": "%",
      "period_start": "2025-01-01",
      "period_end": "2025-12-31",
      "protocol_ref": "civometra.job-growth.measurement@1.0.0",
      "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:vancouver",
      "analytical_area_id": "statcan-cma2021:933",
      "boundary_reference_year": 2021,
      "geography": "SGC2021 official census metropolitan area: Vancouver, British Columbia",
      "geography_type": "harmonized-urban-area",
      "universe": "Persons aged 15–64 inclusive in the official resident household labour-force survey covered population, employed for pay or profit under the publisher's documented employment classification, including employees, market self-employment and qualifying contributing family work. Preserve each source's civilian/institutional/household/other coverage exclusions, temporary-absence rules and operational labour standard. This is source-qualified covered-resident employment, not an assertion of exact 19th-ICLS or all-usual-resident harmonisation.",
      "definition_version": "published-household-lfs@1.0.0",
      "calculation_method": "100 * ((annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t / annual_mean_employed_covered_residents_15_64_t_minus_3) ** (1 / 3) - 1)",
      "population_reference_year": 2025,
      "source_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
      "source_record_ref": "14100461.csv; source nationalDGUID=2021S0503933; Total - Gender; disjoint15–24/25–54/55–64; Population/Employment;2022–2025; exactCSVrecordnumbers in pinned cityframe.",
      "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
      "quality_flags": [],
      "uncertainty": {
        "confidence_interval": null,
        "standard_error": null,
        "sampling_covariance": null,
        "local_excluded_population_share": null,
        "notice": "No exact source-specific sampling CI/SE/covariance or local exclusion effect supplied; source-rounding effects are separately labelled, never CI."
      },
      "licence": {
        "name": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
        "url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "acknowledgement": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
        "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
        "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
        "limitations": "Accurate reproduction/source acknowledgement; no implied endorsement, exclusive access or new third-party rights; no identifying individuals by database linkage."
      },
      "source_attribution": [
        {
          "publisher": "Statistics Canada",
          "title": "Table14-10-0461-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, annual",
          "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101",
          "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence"
        }
      ],
      "reviewed": true,
      "reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
      "evidence_id": "lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver-job-growth",
      "source_frame_ref": "lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver",
      "source_frame_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-2025-cma2021-vancouver-7dc9a8753d8f.json",
      "source_frame_sha256": "7dc9a8753d8fd1f02a77017f06b125badc5072616cd19810080cb381e4072b45",
      "source_label": "Statistics Canada annual source-qualified household-LFS",
      "boundary_label": "Vancouver, British Columbia · CMA2021",
      "scope_notice": "Published resident15–64 covered-household employment, not every resident or workplace jobs. NativeCMA2021; national source exclusions/classifiers and unknown impacts remain explicit. No exact19th harmonisation, statisticalCI or quarterly result.",
      "derivation": {
        "kind": "published-household-lfs-three-year-growth",
        "adapter_ref": "statcan.14100461.cma2021.published-lfs@1.0.0",
        "initial_convention_decision_ref": "civometra.published-household-lfs.initial-convention@1.0.0",
        "age_min": 15,
        "age_max": 64,
        "gender_category_original": "Total - Gender",
        "annual_vectors": [
          {
            "year": 2022,
            "period_start": "2022-01-01",
            "period_end": "2022-12-31",
            "population_persons": 1957800,
            "employment_persons": 1495800,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.40208397180508,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.402083971805087342935948513637756665645111860251",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              138513,
              138517,
              138519,
              138567,
              138571,
              138573
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 1957800,
              "Employment": 1495800
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.38856967746878,
              "upper": 76.41560033713891,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2023,
            "period_start": "2023-01-01",
            "period_end": "2023-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2027600,
            "employment_persons": 1549600,
            "employment_rate_percent": 76.42533043992898,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "76.425330439928980074965476425330439928980074965476",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              150123,
              150127,
              150129,
              150177,
              150181,
              150183
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2027600,
              "Employment": 1549600
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 76.41227962026878,
              "upper": 76.43838319070754,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2024,
            "period_start": "2024-01-01",
            "period_end": "2024-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2114800,
            "employment_persons": 1582600,
            "employment_rate_percent": 74.83449971628522,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "74.834499716285227917533572914696425193871760923019",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              161733,
              161737,
              161739,
              161787,
              161791,
              161793
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2114700,
              "Employment": 1582600
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": -100,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 74.82209981323436,
              "upper": 74.8469013784787,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          },
          {
            "year": 2025,
            "period_start": "2025-01-01",
            "period_end": "2025-12-31",
            "population_persons": 2157600,
            "employment_persons": 1608300,
            "employment_rate_percent": 74.54115684093438,
            "employment_rate_decimal": "74.541156840934371523915461624026696329254727474972",
            "source_csv_record_numbers": [
              173343,
              173347,
              173349,
              173397,
              173401,
              173403
            ],
            "alternative_15plus_minus65plus_persons": {
              "Population": 2157600,
              "Employment": 1608300
            },
            "alternative_minus_primary_persons": {
              "Population": 0,
              "Employment": 0
            },
            "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
              "lower": 74.52902328814737,
              "upper": 74.55329208092887,
              "notice": "Worst-case envelope from three source counts rounded to100persons each. Not a statistical confidence interval; no sampling covariance is inferred."
            },
            "original_flags": {
              "STATUS": [],
              "SYMBOL": [],
              "TERMINATED": []
            }
          }
        ],
        "base_year": 2022,
        "current_year": 2025,
        "numerator_employment_persons": 1608300,
        "matching_covered_population_persons": 2157600,
        "base_employment_persons": 1495800,
        "unrounded_decimal": "2.4466695294049024074434450712943186851761073700200",
        "reference_basis": {
          "frequency": "Annual",
          "annual_aggregation": "Arithmetic mean of12 unadjusted monthly LFS reference-period stock estimates under the publisher annual-average convention.",
          "seasonal_adjustment": "unadjusted",
          "reference_period": "Monthly Sunday–Saturday reference week usually containing the15th; December and sometimes November are earlier. Not a survey of anyone who ever worked during the year.",
          "rate_aggregation": "Ratio of matching annual mean employed and population counts; not the mean of monthly employment rates.",
          "cube_date_literal": "2025-01-01",
          "cube_date_notice": "The metadata annual2025label is not a1January point estimate. Full2025period ends2025-12-31 under the documented annual-average convention."
        },
        "source_precision": {
          "UOM": "Persons in thousands",
          "UOM_ID": "428",
          "SCALAR_FACTOR": "units",
          "SCALAR_ID": "0",
          "DECIMALS": "1",
          "conversion_to_persons": "Decimal(original VALUE) *1000 exactly once",
          "per_cell_display_increment_persons": 100,
          "displayed_count_is_not_exact_census_count": true,
          "uncertainty_notice": "Rounding envelopes are source-display precision effects, not a confidence interval. CI/SE/covariance/local exclusions remain unreported."
        },
        "method_qualification": {
          "source_standard": {
            "icls_reference": "13th ICLS",
            "production_reference": "SNA",
            "standard_id": "84961",
            "exact19th_equivalence_claimed": false
          },
          "documented_core": "Official LFS reference-week employment for pay or profit: employees, self-employment, contributing family work and eligible temporary absences; not workplace jobs or annual-ever-employed persons.",
          "unpaid_family_work": {
            "source_rule": "Work contributing to a farm/business/professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household; dictionary specifies same dwelling.",
            "known_comparison_difference": "The 19th ICLS comparison standard includes qualifying market family work for a member in the same or another household. The national source rule is not relabelled as exact19th.",
            "numeric_effect": null
          },
          "mainly_own_use_and_mixed_destination_classifier": {
            "status": "not-separately-established",
            "rule": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "pure_own_use_without_pay_profit_if_documented": "Contradicts the global core; hold.",
            "documented_primarily_own_use_with_incidental_sales": "Requires a separately reviewed scope bridge before use.",
            "notice": "Actual Canadian intended-main-destination routing is unreported. The13th/SNA citation alone does not prove numeric inclusion of primarily-own-use producers, including mixed-output/surplus-sale cases. Pay/profit wording alone does not establish zero effect or exact19th alignment. No correction is made."
          },
          "partial_questionnaire": {
            "not_all_dynamic_wording_variations_displayed": true,
            "complete_interviewer_classifier": false,
            "other_household_family_helper_classification": null,
            "notice": "The original public questionnaire is not a complete classifier manual. An absent displayed own-use probe does not prove an absent routing rule."
          },
          "absence_training_seasonal_detail": {
            "complete_classifier_bridge_to19th": null,
            "numeric_effect": null,
            "notice": "Original national job-attachment/absence rules are retained; no exact19th duration or unpaid-trainee equivalence asserted."
          },
          "covered_population": "Usual-resident household-LFS civilian noninstitutional target population at ages15–64, as covered by the original source, not every CMA resident.",
          "target_exclusions": [
            "Persons on reserves and other Indigenous settlements in the provinces",
            "Institutional residents",
            "Full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces under the guide wording; questionnaire specifies full-time REGULAR members"
          ],
          "armed_forces_wording": {
            "guide": "full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "questionnaire": "full-time REGULAR member of the Canadian Armed Forces",
            "all_reservists_excluded": null,
            "notice": "Preserve both original formulations. No blanket reservist exclusion or measured effect is inferred."
          },
          "remote_sampling": {
            "excluded_from_direct_sampling": "Very remote low-density dwellings",
            "included_in_population_calibration_totals": true,
            "local_sampling_coverage": null,
            "notice": "This is a sampling exclusion, unlike the target-population exclusions; no city-specific covered share is inferred."
          },
          "local_excluded_population_share": null,
          "local_exclusion_numeric_effect": null,
          "source_ci": null,
          "source_se": null,
          "sampling_covariance": null,
          "actual_construct_contradiction_identified_in_this_finite_review": false,
          "qualification": "Source-qualified published household-LFS employment under the reviewed initial convention. National coverage and operational differences remain explicit; this is not exact19th/all-resident harmonisation. Unknown classifier/local effects remain unknown. Historical source review is separate from current engine admission, expiry/replacement and quarterly comparability."
        },
        "source_record_numbers": [
          138512,
          138513,
          138517,
          138519,
          138520,
          138566,
          138567,
          138571,
          138573,
          138574,
          150122,
          150123,
          150127,
          150129,
          150130,
          150176,
          150177,
          150181,
          150183,
          150184,
          161732,
          161733,
          161737,
          161739,
          161740,
          161786,
          161787,
          161791,
          161793,
          161794,
          173342,
          173343,
          173347,
          173349,
          173350,
          173396,
          173397,
          173401,
          173403,
          173404
        ],
        "source_hashes": {
          "zip_sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
          "csv_member_sha256": "bba0446830d49612d30411cbd86163ae067c48222736d9b4d4f7c7c64abd2429",
          "metadata_member_sha256": "a41cd1b783713af41d314aa7539842710fd780f64709898c0c9336053c376084",
          "complete_original_csv_rows": 174150
        },
        "source_geography": {
          "name": "Vancouver, British Columbia",
          "cma_uid": "933",
          "national_dguid": "2021S0503933",
          "boundary_provincial_part_dguid": "2021S050559933",
          "boundary_cmap_uid": "59933",
          "geography_ref": "statcan-cma2021-lfs-v1-0:vancouver"
        },
        "boundary_backcast_metadata_footnote": {
          "footnoteId": 16,
          "footnotesEn": "From 2011 to present, census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are based on the 2021 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). ",
          "footnotesFr": "Les limites des régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) sont basées sur la Classification géographique type (CGT) de 2021 pour la période de 2011 au présent. ",
          "link": {
            "footnoteId": 16,
            "dimensionPositionId": 1,
            "memberId": 0
          }
        },
        "source_rounding_only_range_percent": {
          "lower": 2.4400603516789254,
          "upper": 2.4532791799039937,
          "notice": "Worst-case source-display rounding envelope only; not a confidence interval or sampling uncertainty. No across-year covariance is supplied."
        },
        "published_value_notice": "Rate/CAGR calculated from the original displayed counts. Full computation precision is retained for reproducibility, not claimed as unpublished source measurement accuracy.",
        "source_archives": {
          "original_table": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-annual",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-annual-67db20afca80.zip",
            "sha256": "67db20afca80c67600bf3234c40a4b37b1f77647c9bb8a47b58791207b411932",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/14100461-eng.zip",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:05:38.732510+00:00"
          },
          "original_metadata": {
            "id": "lfs-14100461-original-metadata",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-statcan-14100461-metadata-88a18299ff30.json",
            "sha256": "88a18299ff30eb6c7320bc69d4fd6f4fe501607879c2e9360d3a9ab8d3225a09",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/wds/rest/getCubeMetadata",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-26T23:04:46.434041+00:00"
          },
          "source_adapter": {
            "id": "lfs-source-adapter-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-adapter-v1-8716f355554d.json",
            "sha256": "8716f355554d679111eaa6a8ebe6126b56fbb2e5352616e7d1909b591baa3657",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "rights": {
            "id": "lfs-source-rights",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-rights-dd22ba8062f3.json",
            "sha256": "dd22ba8062f3fb3c912a2e5829d40bcba809c84634fc51b7972648fc3c68f0bd",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
              "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410046101"
            ],
            "licence": "Statistics Canada Open Licence",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "Source: Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. Reproduced and distributed on an as-is basis with the permission of Statistics Canada.",
            "derived_notice": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, Table14-10-0461-01,2022–2025. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          },
          "initial_policy": {
            "id": "lfs-initial-convention-v1",
            "archive_url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-initial-convention-v1-6746eaef205b.json",
            "sha256": "6746eaef205b6abc17592c1b071cc21f698c8581e33ee968008ba6231effb6a8",
            "source_urls": [
              "https://bestcitytolive.com/methodology"
            ],
            "licence": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app factual research record; cited statistical inputs retain Statistics Canada Open Licence conditions",
            "licence_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence",
            "reuse_review": "permitted-with-attribution",
            "reuse_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27",
            "attribution": "BestCityToLive / AINT.app Research Desk, original factual policy/source review; Statistics Canada attribution applies to cited statistical inputs.",
            "derived_notice": "An original BestCityToLive factual research record, not a Statistics Canada policy or endorsement. Cited statistical data retain their original source conditions.",
            "downstream_conditions_url": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/terms-conditions/open-licence"
          }
        },
        "source_release_literal": "2026-01-09T08:30"
      },
      "denominator": 1495800
    }
  ],
  "audit": {
    "url": "/data/source-frames/lfs-source-numeric-proof-6b95104ed8d0.json",
    "sha256": "6b95104ed8d0725cac3b3d639a394a6782d93ad7dd334e11b4661f79cbc75411"
  },
  "source_review": {
    "url": "/data/published-lfs-review.json",
    "sha256": "9fc9dbd9534399430cc91a0055fa146e14e40582b3f0774afab158c85ea57088",
    "decision_ref": "civometra.published-lfs2025.cma-registration@1.0.0"
  },
  "geography": {
    "kind": "official-census-metropolitan-area",
    "edition": "SGC2021",
    "source_destinations": 4,
    "unique_source_regions": 4,
    "derived_bindings": 8,
    "analytical_area_ids": [
      "statcan-cma2021:462",
      "statcan-cma2021:535",
      "statcan-cma2021:825",
      "statcan-cma2021:933"
    ],
    "notice": "Four nativeCMAregions, two metrics each. Added scope permissions do not create new physical areas or global coverage."
  },
  "availability": [
    {
      "city_slug": "amsterdam",
      "city_name": "Amsterdam",
      "country": "Netherlands",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "auckland",
      "city_name": "Auckland",
      "country": "New Zealand",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "bangalore",
      "city_name": "Bangalore",
      "country": "India",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "bangkok",
      "city_name": "Bangkok",
      "country": "Thailand",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "barcelona",
      "city_name": "Barcelona",
      "country": "Spain",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "beijing",
      "city_name": "Beijing",
      "country": "China",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "berlin",
      "city_name": "Berlin",
      "country": "Germany",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "boston",
      "city_name": "Boston",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "brisbane",
      "city_name": "Brisbane",
      "country": "Australia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "brussels",
      "city_name": "Brussels",
      "country": "Belgium",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "buenos-aires",
      "city_name": "Buenos Aires",
      "country": "Argentina",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "cairo",
      "city_name": "Cairo",
      "country": "Egypt",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "calgary",
      "city_name": "Calgary",
      "country": "Canada",
      "source_candidate_available": true,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [
        "employment",
        "job-growth"
      ],
      "status": "reviewed-source-cohort",
      "source_family": "Statistics Canada14-10-0461-01",
      "notice": "Original nativeCMA2021source reviewed for both metrics; current engine state is checked separately."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "cape-town",
      "city_name": "Cape Town",
      "country": "South Africa",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "chicago",
      "city_name": "Chicago",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "copenhagen",
      "city_name": "Copenhagen",
      "country": "Denmark",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "delhi",
      "city_name": "Delhi",
      "country": "India",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "dubai",
      "city_name": "Dubai",
      "country": "United Arab Emirates",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "dublin",
      "city_name": "Dublin",
      "country": "Ireland",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "edinburgh",
      "city_name": "Edinburgh",
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "helsinki",
      "city_name": "Helsinki",
      "country": "Finland",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "ho-chi-minh-city",
      "city_name": "Ho Chi Minh City",
      "country": "Vietnam",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "hong-kong",
      "city_name": "Hong Kong",
      "country": "China",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "istanbul",
      "city_name": "Istanbul",
      "country": "Türkiye",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "jakarta",
      "city_name": "Jakarta",
      "country": "Indonesia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "kuala-lumpur",
      "city_name": "Kuala Lumpur",
      "country": "Malaysia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "kyoto",
      "city_name": "Kyoto",
      "country": "Japan",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "lima",
      "city_name": "Lima",
      "country": "Peru",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "lisbon",
      "city_name": "Lisbon",
      "country": "Portugal",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "london",
      "city_name": "London",
      "country": "United Kingdom",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "los-angeles",
      "city_name": "Los Angeles",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "madrid",
      "city_name": "Madrid",
      "country": "Spain",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "manila",
      "city_name": "Manila",
      "country": "Philippines",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "melbourne",
      "city_name": "Melbourne",
      "country": "Australia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "montreal",
      "city_name": "Montreal",
      "country": "Canada",
      "source_candidate_available": true,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [
        "employment",
        "job-growth"
      ],
      "status": "reviewed-source-cohort",
      "source_family": "Statistics Canada14-10-0461-01",
      "notice": "Original nativeCMA2021source reviewed for both metrics; current engine state is checked separately."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "mumbai",
      "city_name": "Mumbai",
      "country": "India",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "munich",
      "city_name": "Munich",
      "country": "Germany",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "new-york-city",
      "city_name": "New York City",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "osaka",
      "city_name": "Osaka",
      "country": "Japan",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "oslo",
      "city_name": "Oslo",
      "country": "Norway",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "paris",
      "city_name": "Paris",
      "country": "France",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "perth",
      "city_name": "Perth",
      "country": "Australia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "prague",
      "city_name": "Prague",
      "country": "Czechia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "rio-de-janeiro",
      "city_name": "Rio de Janeiro",
      "country": "Brazil",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "rome",
      "city_name": "Rome",
      "country": "Italy",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "san-francisco",
      "city_name": "San Francisco",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "santiago",
      "city_name": "Santiago",
      "country": "Chile",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "sao-paulo",
      "city_name": "São Paulo",
      "country": "Brazil",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "seattle",
      "city_name": "Seattle",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "seoul",
      "city_name": "Seoul",
      "country": "South Korea",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "shanghai",
      "city_name": "Shanghai",
      "country": "China",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "singapore",
      "city_name": "Singapore",
      "country": "Singapore",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "stockholm",
      "city_name": "Stockholm",
      "country": "Sweden",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "sydney",
      "city_name": "Sydney",
      "country": "Australia",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "taipei",
      "city_name": "Taipei",
      "country": "Taiwan",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "tel-aviv",
      "city_name": "Tel Aviv",
      "country": "Israel",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "tokyo",
      "city_name": "Tokyo",
      "country": "Japan",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "toronto",
      "city_name": "Toronto",
      "country": "Canada",
      "source_candidate_available": true,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [
        "employment",
        "job-growth"
      ],
      "status": "reviewed-source-cohort",
      "source_family": "Statistics Canada14-10-0461-01",
      "notice": "Original nativeCMA2021source reviewed for both metrics; current engine state is checked separately."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "vancouver",
      "city_name": "Vancouver",
      "country": "Canada",
      "source_candidate_available": true,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [
        "employment",
        "job-growth"
      ],
      "status": "reviewed-source-cohort",
      "source_family": "Statistics Canada14-10-0461-01",
      "notice": "Original nativeCMA2021source reviewed for both metrics; current engine state is checked separately."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "vienna",
      "city_name": "Vienna",
      "country": "Austria",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "warsaw",
      "city_name": "Warsaw",
      "country": "Poland",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "washington-dc",
      "city_name": "Washington DC",
      "country": "United States",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    },
    {
      "city_slug": "zurich",
      "city_name": "Zurich",
      "country": "Switzerland",
      "source_candidate_available": false,
      "candidate_metric_ids": [],
      "status": "not-investigated-for-this-source-family",
      "source_family": null,
      "notice": "Not a claim of worldwide source unavailability; no national, workplace or age-incompatible proxy is substituted."
    }
  ],
  "current_admission_notice": "Historical source review is distinct from current engine admission, source expiry, replacement and any later quarterly comparability review."
}